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The aim of this study is to investigate how Swedish learners of English (at different levels of proficiency) master idiomaticity in their target language. I argue that idiomaticity can be related to the storage and use of multi-word expressions that are preferred by native speakers. These multi-word units are referred to as prefabs in the present study. By manually identifying and subsequently cla
A C3-symmetric macrocycle with alternating sugar amino acid and tyrosine residues was synthesized in seven steps from tyrosine tert-butyl ester and a sugar amino acid precursor derived from D-glucosamine. An Fmoc-protected D-glucosamine derivative was oxidized at C-6 to give the sugar amino acid, which was immediately coupled to tyrosine tert-butyl ester to produce an orthogonally protected buildi
This questionnaire study was set up to assess the perceptions of risk factors for infusion phlebitis among Swedish nurses, as their concepts of these factors may influence the incidence. A majority of the nurses believed that insertion of a peripheral venous catheter in the forearm and catheter rotation within 48 hours was protective. These measures are not supported in recent studies and guidelin
Two different products of calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) were tested. Their molar ratios, View the MathML source, were 1.26 and 0.91 respectively. Both products were used as concentrated solutions. In addition, the 0.91 product was also used in a solution, which was diluted so that its freezing point depression was as great as that of a 3 percent (by mass) sodium chloride solution. — Prisms of 0.
The homolytic cleavage of the organometallic Co-C bond in vitamin B-12-dependent enzymes is accelerated by a factor of similar to 10(12) in the protein compared to that of the isolated cofactor in aqueous solution. To understand this much debated effect, we have studied the Co-C bond cleavage in the enzyme glutamate mutase with combined quantum and molecular mechanics methods. We show that the cal
A conscious therapeutic approach was used combining methods in physiotherapy with psychological awareness to re-educate nine transfemoral amputees during 10 months in outdoor environments. All were rehabilitated trauma or tumour cases, mean age 33 years, and had worn their prostheses for more than 18 months. The method aimed at integrating the prosthesis in normal movements and increasing body awa
Johannes of Rheinfelden’s treatise on card-playing, the Ludus cartularum moralisatus (“the moral meaning of card-playing”) is not only an important source of the history of plays and pastimes but also gives valuable information about late medieval thinking concerning the organization of human society. Johannes writes that the newly introduced cards were something of a revelation for him and that h
Assessments of terrestrial carbon fluxes require a thorough understanding of links between primary production, soil respiration and carbon loss through drainage. In this study, stem girdling was used to terminate autotrophic soil respiration including rhizosphere respiration and root exudation in a temperate Norway spruce stand. Rates of soil respiration and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) formatio
An investigation of the kinetics of the Heck reaction between 4-iodoanisole and styrene catalysed by {cis-1,3-bis[(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl]-cyclohexane} palladium (11) iodide (1) has been performed in DMF-d(7) solution. Based on mercury poisoning experiments a heterogeneous palladium catalyst formed from the PCsp3P Pd(II) pre-catalyst is proposed. Saturation behaviour with respect to the ole
OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine whether a series of needle acupuncture treatments produced long-term relief of chronic low back pain. DESIGN: A blinded placebo-controlled study with an independent observer. The patients were randomized to receive manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, or active placebo (mock transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation). Subjects were examined and monit
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of 5-minute Apgar scores below 7 in term infants (at least 37 weeks) in Sweden during 1988-1997, evaluate the influence of obstetric risk factors on low 5-minute Apgar scores, and to study the infant prognosis regarding infant mortality, neonatal neurologic morbidity, and outcome. METHODS: Data were collected from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry 1988-1997, and t
BACKGROUND: The characteristic feature of Goodpasture disease is the occurrence of an autoantibody response to the noncollagenous domain of the alpha3 chain of type IV collagen [alpha3(IV)NC1] in the alveolar and glomerular basement membrane. These antibodies are associated with the development of a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, with or without lung hemorrhage, whereas autoantibodies spe
This article is based on a content analysis of intellectual capital (IC) in annual reports from 1998 to 2002. The aim of the study was to compare the content of voluntary information on IC in the corporate annual reports covering a period of 4 years. The results from the study, based on 15 Swedish companies in the retail sector, show that for the year 2002 the information on human capital in the a
UWB technology provides an excellent means for wireless positioning due to its high resolution capability in the time domain. Its ability to resolve multipath components makes it possible to obtain accurate location estimates without the need for complex estimation algorithms. In this article, theoretical limits for TOA estimation and TOA-based location estimation for UWB systems have been conside
The heat produced by the metabolism of a mould fungus (Penicillium brevicompactum) growing on softwood was measured by isothermal calorimetry under different relative humidity (RH) levels during desorption (from 95% to 65% RH) and absorption (from 65% to 95% RH). The humidification method was successful and it was possible to decrease and increase the relative humidity and moisture content in smal
The sensitivity to geometrical imperfections of various test methods for wood-adhesive bonds was investigated using nonlinear finite element analysis. The adhesive layers in the specimens were modelled using a nonlinear softening, fracture mechanics model. The specimen types corresponded to the standards according to ASTM-D4680, ASTM-D905, EN-302-1 and a modified version of the ASTM-D3535 specimen
