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Like many African cities, Accra has experienced rapid urban growth in recent decades. This paper focuses on the changes taking place in the peri-urban area of Accra where urban development is occurring both within and around the indigenous villages. The impact of rapid urbanization on the physical and residential environment is illustrated and the implications of these changes for environmental ma
This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the nature of the self-help housing market by analysing its extent and mode of operation in four self-help settlements in the intermediate sized city of Perdra, Colombia. The evidence from the survey settlements suggests that the market for self-help houses is small. Self-help settlements are dominated by a land market rather than by a housing mar
Building materials account for a high percentage of the non-land cost of self-help housing. Few studies, however, have examined the use of building materials by self-help builders and the practicalities of producing and distributing the materials in an alternative manner. This paper discusses the nature of construction by self-help in the intermediate-sized Colombian city of Pereira, focusing in p
We present an extension of the SPL-BEV (Soccer Player Localization for Bird’s-Eye-View) method, introducing Decomposable Tiled SPL-BEV (DTSPL-BEV), a variant designed to enable efficient inference on embedded devices. We show specialized tiling algorithms that enable inference on a given devices with some known memory limitations, while also ensuring the same detection results as running inference
Gästkrönika. Den samlade forskningen är tydlig – det finns mycket som kan göras för att öka skogens klimatnytta. Det avgörande är att förstärka och värna kolsänkan samt att använda en större del av träråvaran till en ny mix av produkter. Det skriver Markku Rummukainen, professor på centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap vid Lunds universitet.
Research has shown that teachers’ attitudes towards poetry have the power to affect their teaching ability and impact education. International studies suggest that teachers possess mostly positive attitudes towards poetry and view it as an important part of English language education. However, a lack of research within the Swedish context has left us reliant on conclusions drawn from international
In probability theory, the assumption of independence between consecutive events is strong. However, when analyzing empirical data, this assumption is often weak or violated. This thesis investigates whether extreme negative daily returns in stock indices occur independently over time. To address this question, self-exciting Hawkes models are applied to extreme negative returns in two stock indice
The home plays an important role in people's lives as a key site for personal development. While some people are able to spend vast sums of money styling their homes, for others the maintenance of home, both physically and emotionally, remains a daily struggle. Since the home is not only a physical space but also a symbolic concept and a contested site, connotations of home vary widely both cultur
Achieving ambitious policy goals such as those enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals requires that several conditions be met. For example, it is widely believed that sustainable development policies should be legitimate, as the concept of legitimacy is frequently associated with sustainable development. Nevertheless, the notion of legitimacy is notoriously multifaceted and contested. In l
The continuing failure of most human settlement planning in Third World cities, together with the increasing concern for sustainable development, have resulted in a new focus on sustainable urbanisation. This paper examines the nature of the debate which has arisen on the concept of sustainable urbanisation in the Third World. Two of the main physical aspects of sustainable human settlements, land
During the 1990s Ghana, like most African states, has experienced a change in its mode of governance. A decentralised approach to development planning and administration has met with limited success. This paper examines the roles played by the newly created district assembly members, the traditional chiefs and elders, and the newly formed residents' associations in urban governance in peri-urban A
Low back pain is common and negatively impacts quality of life and workplace productivity. However, few studies have focused on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) where risk factors are prevalent. This cross-sectional study examined the association and structural relationships between physical and social factors in low back pain among Japanese SME workers. We analyzed survey data collected
This chapter focuses on the impact of the war on the mental well-being ofuniversity students. First, we will provide a brief overview of the “generationof war” – comprising the majority of the current university students – and themental health issues that war can cause. Next, we present the results of astudent well-being survey conducted at Zhytomyr Polytechnic State Uni-versity in 2022, 2023 and
One of the major subfields of chemical ecology is the study of toxins and how they mediate interactions between organisms. Toxins produced by harmful algae (phycotoxins) impact a wide variety of organisms connected to the marine food web. Significant research efforts have thus aimed to identify the ecological and evolutionary drivers behind harmful algal blooms (HABs) to facilitate their forecasti
Existing tests of reference-dependent preferences assume universal loss aversion. This paper examines the implications of heterogeneity in gain-loss attitudes for such tests. In experiments on labor supply and exchange behavior, we first measure gain-loss attitudes and then study a canonical treatment effect that distinguishes different models of reference dependence. We document substantial heter
Existing LLM-based approaches remain limited by simplistic task execution, restricted tool integration, and a lack of contextual reasoning when interacting with professional GIS software. This study investigates the efficacy of a multi-agent architecture designed to enhance geospatial task execution accuracy through collaboration, reasoning and tool-use. The architecture integrates Chain of Though
The thesis studies the notion of unity in early writings of Chiara Lubich (1920–2008) from a relational perspective through the theoretical lens of self-emptying (kenosis). The notion of unity is central to the spirituality of unity that constitutes the spiritual foundation of the Focolare Movement. By situating the writings of Lubich studied for this thesis in their historical context (1939–1962)
This paper explores the impact that a new type of pineapple, and subsequent changing consumer preferences in the Global North, has had on the livelihoods of pineapple growers in Ghana. The paper starts by tracing how research and development in Costa Rica by the world's largest producers of pineapple, Del Monte and Dole, have resulted in a new variety MD2. This new pineapple type has been marketed
Even though place is associated with the local, place-based policy approaches typically target the regional level of government. Addressing this spatial mismatch, this paper focuses on the local level studying municipalities’ regional development work in different types of regions in three Nordic countries. Through a comparative study across regional and national contexts, the paper identifies the
