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Listeria monocytogens causes the disease listeriosis, and the most common way the infection is spreading in the environment is believed to be through food. Listeriosis is a rare infection, but can cause serious symptoms in risk groups as the elderly, people with compromised immunesystems, pregnant women and their fetuses, mortality rate is 20-30%. There are two types of listeriosis, the first one
The United States and the European Union operate under the similar design of a federal structure and their labor markets face similar tax discrimination challenges. Case law illustrates how the goal of a common market present in both unions is highly influential on the respective Courts and provides a flexible structure to protect individuals against discriminatory tax legislation. It is the centr
The purpose of this study was to further investigate whether the national funda-mental values have been implemented in the different municipalities’ goals for the elderly care and how this was followed-up and evaluated, in order to achieve a deepened knowledge of how the different municipalities worked with their own quality assurance within this particular field of practice. In order to answer ou
Today, most cities and municipalities in Sweden have objectives and visions of a sustainable urban development. The idea of “the sustainable city” usually contains a city that is green, densely built, have a variety of housing, a developed public transport system and good conditions for walking and cycling. During recent years, more and more critics argue that the way we plan for parking in cities
Organic production of beef is viewed as one strategy to mitigate negative externalities deriving from beef production. This study seeks to characterize key attributes of production among organic and conventional beef producers in Skåne, Sweden. The goal is to understand the extent to which their differentiation as organic or conventional is based on the practices which make them semantically diffe
Pelare som utsätts för tryck kan behöva stabiliseras för att inte böja ut oönskat mycket i sidled. För att stabilisera pelaren måste fjäderstyvheten i det stabiliserande stödet vara tillräckligt stort. Detta för att undvika instabilitetsbrott men också för att fjäderkraften i stödet inte ska bli för stor. För en pelare med en led i toppen och i botten beräknas vanligen Eulers knäckningslast P_e=(Columns under vertical point loads will need a brace in order not to bend out in a mode of column buckling. To stabilize the column, a sufficient brace stiffness needs to be given, both to avoid column instability and to reduce the horizontal force which occurs in the brace. Column buckling is usually determined by Eulers buckling formula P_e=(π^2 EI)/l^2 . This is the value when buckling occurs r
Neoliberalism, as a loosely defined set of political beliefs, calls for more individual freedom and autonomy, resulting in increased responsibility for each person to address major societal issues. ‘Individualization’ is the process by which responsibility for addressing major environmental issues such as climate change is placed on individuals. In this thesis I investigate whether individualizati
Various research within the field of behavioral economics have proven payment mechanisms to be affecting consumer behavior, giving rise to the question what kind of impact different shopping methods may have. This paper investigates consumer behavior with two different approaches. The first approach is comparing self scanning consumers with consumers using traditional cashier check out, and the se
Today a majority of the world’s population is living in urban areas and this trend is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. Globalization plays a key role in the expansion of urban areas as well as urban-related social, economic and environmental problems. Accelerating pace of life together with the globalization of the economy and culture has brought with it homogenization of lives and
I dagens globaliserade värld kan en dissonans uppstå i konsumentens uppfattning av multinat-ionella varumärken när varumärkena upplevs härröra ur flera nationella ursprung som står för olika marknadskommunikativa värden. Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur denna dissonans kan överbryggas genom användandet av myter i varumärkens marknadskommunikation gentemot den gestaltade befolkningen. Genom detta pIn today's globalized society, a dissonance may occur in the consumer's perception of multi-national brands if the brands are perceived to be associated to a multitude of national origins that represents contradictory market values. This study intends to examine how this disso-nance may be coped with through the use of myths in the brand's marketing toward the por-trayed population. Th
Predictive analytics is a type of business analytics which enables predictions to be made, about occurrence of particular events in the future, based on data of the past. The predictive analytics is widely incorporated among the most successful organizations where it supports their decision-making process. The aim of our study is to examine the effects on decision making in organizations caused by
Syftet med studien är att utföra en sammanställning över forskning som drivits inom Attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) och skola. Tidigare forskning: ADHD uppmärksammas oftast hos en person mellan åldern tre till sex år (Alak & Daraghi, 2010). För ungefär hundra år sedan definierades diagnosen i den medicinska litteraturen bland annat att det berodde på bristande impulskontroll och
Begreppet autonomi används ofta för att beskriva var och ens rätt till självbestämmande. Samtidigt kan begreppet avse kognitiva förutsättningar för att kunna reflektera och agera i enlighet med sitt tänkande. Detta innebär att autonomibegreppet kan syfta på förmågan till autonomi. Denna otydlighet kring vad som avses med begreppet kan leda till godtycklighet vid bedömningar av andras autonomi, exeThe concept of autonomy is often used to describe everyone's right to selfdetermination. However, the concept is also used to describe substantial cognitive capacity to reflect and act in accordance with one’s conscious thought. This lack of clarity about what is meant by the term could lead to arbitrary assessments of other's degree of autonomy, for example within health care and social s
Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda om det finns motsättningar mellan den aktiebolagsrättsliga vinstmaximeringsprincipen och de krav som ställs på vårdgivare utifrån lagstiftning som ska skydda patienters och vårdtagares intressen. Vidare är syftet att undersöka vilken utformning av lagstiftningen som är lämplig och diskutera detta ur ett rättsekonomiskt perspektiv. Vinster i välfärden är en kontrThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there are conflicts between the principle of profit maximization in company law and the demands placed on caregivers based on legislation that protects patients and care receivers' interests. Furthermore, the purpose is to examine the design of the legislation and discuss this from a law and economics perspective. Profits that originate from
This thesis addresses the issue of customer relationship building in new small retail ventures with a particular focus on individual consumers and application of such relationship marketing concepts as trust, satisfaction, loyalty and value. This research rests upon a qualitative single-case study of a new German retail venture and assumes an interpretivist approach. The main method of inquiry enc
Kazakhstan is looking to deepen its political and economic ties with the European Union. This can likely be accomplished by increasing trade between the two entities. And an effective way of boosting trade may be to harmonize and simplify trade procedures – otherwise known as trade facilitation. This paper investigates how the volume of Kazakhstan’s exports to the EU is likely to be affected by Ka
Uppsatsen är en empirisk undersökning av hur sju stycken utvalda tillgångars värde påverkas under finansiella kriser. De undersökta tillgångarna är; amerikanska statsobligationer, guld, silver, SEK, JPY, CHF och platina. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om tillgångarna kan klassificeras som safe haven-tillgångar eller hedge-tillgångar gentemot aktiemarknaden. Perioden som undersöks sträcker s
The 21st century has developed so quickly digitally that information spreads so quickly through e-word-of-mouth. To effectively communicate, companies have to find a way to spread their own messages in a fast, unique way to entice their publics. In the fashion industry, instead of using their own websites and social media, which can be viewed as untrustworthy, many companies turn to partnerships w
This thesis investigates a methodology for quantification of model risk in option pricing. A set of different pricing models is specified and each model is assigned a probability weight based on the Akaike Information Criteria. It is then possible to obtain a price distribution of an exotic derivative from these probability weights. Two measures of model risk inspired by the regulatory standards o
E-handeln fortsätter att växa och beräknas utgöra tolv procent av den totala handeln år 2022 om det fortsätter att växa i samma takt. För att nå ut till kunder behöver företaget marknadsföra sin e-handel. Uppsatsen undersöker hur målen för e-handelns tre marknadsföringsfaser: pre-sale, online och after-sale uppfylls med användning av designaspekter. Aspekterna som valdes var sökmotorsoptimering, e
