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The function of the brain is defined by the interactions between its neurons. But these neurons exist in tremendous numbers, are continuously active, and densely interconnected. Thereby, they form one of the most complex dynamical systems known and there is a lack of approaches to characterize the functional properties of such biological neuronal networks without resorting to dimensionality reduct
Groundwater in most parts of the world is an important source of agricultural water supply for food production. Soil salinization, however, threatens groundwater quality and may cause irreparable damage to agricultural land. A key to tackling this threat is to analyze the link between agricultural crop water requirements and groundwater quality. This study aimed to investigate salinity effects on
This chapter reviews methanol's properties as a fuel for marine use in general terms and then specifically for combustion engines and fuel cells. It discusses the different engine technologies being either investigated or demonstrated that allow methanol to be used in marine engines. Their potential in terms of power density, emissions, and efficiency, as well as their maturity are reviewed. The e
Introduction: Child abuse is a global public health problem. It poses a threat to both physical and psychosocial well-being, resulting in serious consequences for the child, the family, and society. Radiographers are in a unique position to identify children at risk. In clinical practice, they may observe unusual interactions between children and their caregivers during radiographic procedures or
Many plant invasions establish from only a few individuals and exhibit clonal spread, providing an opportunity to examine the genomic mechanisms that underlie the success of particularly aggressive individuals. One of the world’s most invasive species, the Japanese knotweed complex, is well suited for such investigations. Simultaneously developing ecological and genomics work in the native and int
The process that generates the different types of highly differentiated cells in the immune system from hematopoietic stem cells involves not only the acquisition of lineage-specific features, but also the permanent repression of alternative developmental programs and the preservation of lineage identity. The well-charted developmental trajectory of early B-cell development, in combination with ab
In this study we investigate day-care centres as a form of community-based support designed to facilitate ageing in place for individuals with dementia, with the goal of delaying or preventing their transition to institutional care. Day-care centres provide structured activities designed to alleviate loneliness and isolation, affirm personal identity, and offer respite for family caregivers. In Sw
Heterogeneous catalysts based on Single Atom Alloys (SAA) play a significant role in numerous technical processes. The fundamental working principles of these systems, however, remain poorly understood, especially the aspects related to the nanoscopic nature of bimetallic particles and the associated structure-reactivity relationships. In this study, we developed for the first time well-defined SA
Water is essential for life. This is particularly true for terrestrial insects, whose small size and high surface-area-to-volume ratios render them especially susceptible to dehydration. To overcome this challenge, insects have evolved sophisticated physiological mechanisms and behavioral strategies to maintain internal ion and water balance despite fluctuating environmental conditions. This chapt
The in vivo fate of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), including their clearance, interaction with host tissues, and persistence, remains incompletely understood following systemic or local clinical administration to patients. Although immune-mediated clearance mechanisms, such as triggering of the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, activation of coagulation and complement pathways, apop
Protein deletions are frequent among both disease-causing and tolerated variants. Several mechanisms at the DNA, RNA and protein levels can lead to deletions. Many deletions are misclassified in the literature and databases, especially when the mRNA is degraded by the cellular quality-control mechanism. We developed a novel predictor for sequence retaining protein deletions, i.e., variants that do
Background and purpose — Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to improve implant alignment and clinical outcomes, but its effectiveness remains uncertain. We aimed to compare whether PSI was superior to conventional instrumentation (CVI) in TKA. The primary outcome was the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) at 2 years with assessments of additional clinical outcomes up
Aggressive tumours are defined by microenvironmental stress adaptation and metabolic reprogramming. Within this niche, lipid droplet accumulation has emerged as a key strategy to buffer toxic lipids and suppress ferroptosis. Lipid droplet formation can occur via de novo lipogenesis or extracellular lipid-scavenging. However, how tumour cells coordinate these processes remains poorly understood. He
Purpose – This article’s purpose is to examine how the balance between autonomy (stewardship) and control (principal-agent) has evolved over 2 decades through a comparative longitudinal study of university governance reforms in Denmark and Sweden. Design/methodology/approach – Employing a longitudinal comparative case study design, the study draws on extensive document analysis and applies a theor
Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) are a major source of uncertainty in climate science, critically affecting our ability to project near-term climate evolution and assess societal risks. These interactions influence effective radiative forcing, cloud dynamics, and precipitation patterns, yet remain insufficiently constrained due to limitations in observations, modeling, and process understanding. T
High-pressure blocking events are anticyclones that persist over a region for a long time. Such events prevent vertical mixing of air pollutants due to the subsidence inversion created by the anticyclone. This study investigates the relationship of aerosol concentrations during periods of high-pressure blocking events in southern Sweden for the rural location of Vavihill and the urban location of
Understanding variation in survival and reproduction is key for conservation and management of bird populations. By compiling and analysing data on hatching success (i.e. proportion of nests with at least one hatched egg) from Common Eider Somateria m. mollissima, Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca and Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator, all breeding on a single island in the Baltic Sea, we demonst
This edited volume systematises jurisprudential analysis across various levels and elucidates largely unexplored processes of implementation, both at institutional, regional and national levels. By way of collecting such a diverse body of interpretations and practical experience, it strives to provide a comprehensive and practical article-by-article guide to the United Nations Declaration on the R
