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The pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) uses the acetate or propionate of (2S,3S,7S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecanol (diprionol) as pheromone components, with the (2S,3R,7R)-isomer being antagonistic, synergistic, or inactive according to the population tested. In this study, we tested the attraction of males to the acetates of three analogs of diprionol, each missing one methyl group, viz. (2S
Biomolecular motor systems are attractive for future nanotechnological devices because they can replace nanofluidics by directed transport. However, the lack of methods to externally control motor-driven transport along complex paths limits their range of applications. Based on a thermo-responsive polymer, we developed a novel technique to guide microtubules propelled by kinesin-1 motors on a plan
Purpose: To report on the retinal function and structure in a 37-year-old male who presented with a tapetal-like reflex (TLR) indistinguishable from that seen in female carriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP). Methods: Clinical examination included dark adaptometry, full-field electroretinography (ERG), multifocal ERG, optical coherence tomography, and fundus autofluorescence photography.
Aims. To compare care recipients' and their relatives' perceptions of quality of care in nursing homes and home-based care. Background. Older people care is increasingly being provided in community care facilities and private homes instead of hospitals. A few studies have compared care recipients' and relatives' perceptions of care quality in nursing homes as opposed to home-based care. Design. Cr
To better utilize existing wireless systems, they can be combined together to interact and thereby provide better balanced capacity. They can further profit from this by getting their ongoing connection moved from the current system to another. The main issues are to make this move without losing the ongoing connection and to make it seamless, i.e., without the user noticing it. This action of mov
Attosecond pulses offer a new route to produce temporally localized electron wave packets (EWPs) that can easily be tailored by altering the properties of the attosecond pulses. In this thesis we will present different experiments, supported by theory, where attosecond EWPs are created in presence of a strong infrared (IR) field. By tuning the central frequency of the attosecond pulses and/or chan
Biogenic NMVOCs are mainly formed by plants and microorganisms. They have strong impact on the local atmospheric chemistry when emitted to the atmosphere. The objective of this study was to determine if there are significant emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) from a subarctic mire in northern Sweden. Subarctic peatlands in discontinuous permafrost regions are undergoing s
Efficient pretreatment is necessary to make the wood-to-ethanol process more feasible. In this study, chips of different sizes were impregnated with SO(2) and steam-pretreated. Dilute-acid pretreatment together with subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in solubilization of between 69% and 73% of the fermentable sugars (glucose and mannose) in the raw material for the combinations of impregnati
Colour polymorphic species with extensive ranges often exhibit large-scale geographic patterns of morph frequency variation. Because colour polymorphism is associated with correlated differences in multiple traits, such as thermal performance, a likely proximate explanation for such patterns is morph-specific responses to temperature variation. The colour polymorphic Blue-tailed damselfly Ischnura
Although media-fueled food scares are often described as linked to consumers’ food anxieties, previous studies of food consumption have failed to explore fully how foodscare reports add to consumers’ anxieties. Using a relational theory of risk and a narrative approach, this article highlights how food-scare reports, through various risk accounts, create anxiety-inducing stories where consumers ar
In skeletal muscle hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) has long been accepted to be the principal enzyme responsible for lipolysis of intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) during contractions. However, this notion is based on in vitro lipase activity data, which may not reflect the in vivo lipolytic activity. We investigated lipolysis of IMTG in soleus muscles electrically stimulated to contract ex v
Hornets, the largest social wasps, have a reputation of being facultatively nocturnal. Here we confirm flight activity of hornet workers in dim twilight. We studied the eyes and ocelli of European hornets (Vespa crabro) and common wasps (Vespula vulgaris) with the goal to find the optical and anatomical adaptations that enable them to fly in dim light. Adaptations described for obligately nocturna
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas and of special concern in wastewater treatment. It is formed in biological wastewater treatment under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A major reason for high N2O emissions is low oxygen concentration during nitrification. In this full-scale study of N2O emissions from a sequencing batch reactor for treating digester supernatant, the oxygen conc
Tunas make sharp descents and ascents around dawn and dusk called spike dives. We examine spike dives of 21 southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) implanted with archival tags in the Great Australian Bight. Using a new way to categorize this behavior, we show that spike dives are similar among all the fish in the study. The dive profiles are mirror images at dawn and dusk and are precisely timed
