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Popular Abstract in Swedish Kvantdatorer har den unika egenskapen att de kan utföra samma beräkning för många olika startvärden samtidigt. Informationen i en vanlig dator är lagrad i ett minne som består av bitar, som kan ha värdena 1 eller 0. När ett program körs beror slutresultatet av startvärdena hos dessa bitar. Minnet i en kvantdator lagrar istället kvantbitar, som även de kan ha värdena 1 eThe main aim of this work, was to lay the foundations for the experimental realisation of a quantum mechanical controlled NOT gate in rare-earth-metal-ion-doped crystals. Small amounts of rare-earth elements, added during the growth of some inorganic crystals, will become substituted into the crystal lattice as trivalent ions. The trivalent rare-earth-metal ions between cerium, with atomic number

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förbränningsmotor är i dagens värld den mest använda kraftkällan för fordon. Förbränningsmotorn har kontinuerligt utvecklats och förbättrats sedan Nicolaus August Ottos och Rudolf Diesels dagar, och kommer att fortsätta att utvecklas långt in i framtiden. Ingen konkurrerande teknik har ännu på allvar utmanat förbränningsmotorns ställning. Det finns en lång rad tänkbara The prime mover in the world today is the Internal Combustion (IC) engine. The development and improvement of the internal combustion engines since Nicolaus August Otto and Rudolf Diesel has continued until today and will continue long into the future. No major competitor to the IC engine has yet emerged. There is a long list of potential competitors but they still have to prove their superiority

The emission spectra of lithium orthosilicates (Li4SiO4) ceramics have been measured in the range of 1.8-5.8 eV under irradiation by 6-30 eV photons or 1-30 keV electrons at 6-300 K. The tunnel recombination phosphorescence, as well as luminescence, stimulated by 1.5-2.5 eV photons has been detected in the sample preliminarily irradiated at 6 or 80 K. The main peaks of thermally stimulated lumines

Measurement of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in blood is an important tool in detection for prostate cancer. PSA occurs in several molecular forms in blood: mainly as a free form with a molecular mass of 28 kDa; and as PSA complexed to alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, complexed PSA, with a molecular mass of 90 kDa. Total PSA comprises the sum of free PSA and complexed PSA. The percentage of free-to-tot

The protein folding problem is addressed focussing on the hydro- phobicity patterns in the amino acid sequences and structures. Both real and model proteins are investigated. The hydrophobicity pattern of real proteins is probed in two ways. First, it is asked which binary pattern is most conserved within groups of related proteins. Not unexpectedly, the most conserved patterns are strongly corre

An association between low serum vitamin D levels and poorer melanoma survival has been reported. We have studied inheritance of a polymorphism of the GC gene, rs2282679, coding for the vitamin D-binding protein, which is associated with lower serum levels of vitamin D, in a meta-analysis of 3137 melanoma patients. The aim was to investigate evidence for a causal relationship between vitamin D and

Forensic DNA analysis applying PCR enables profiling of minute biological samples. Enhanced analysis conditions can be applied to further push the limit of detection, coming with the risk of visualising artefacts and allele imbalances. We have evaluated the consecutive increase of PCR cycles from 30 to 35 to investigate the limitations of low-template (LT) DNA analysis, applying the short tandem r

We studied the evolutionary history of the Parmeliaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi with complex and variable morphologies, also including several lichenicolous fungi. We assembled a six-locus data set including nuclear, mitochondrial and low-copy protein-coding genes from 293 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The lichenicolous lifestyle ori

BackgroundStandardised mortality ratio (SMR) is a common quality indicator in critical care and is the ratio between observed mortality and expected mortality. Typically, in-hospital mortality is used to derive SMR, but the use of a time-fixed, more objective, end-point has been advocated. This study aimed to determine the relationship between in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality on a compre

Abstract in UndeterminedWithin cognitive linguistics, there is an increasing awareness that the study of linguistic phenomena needs to be grounded in usage. Ideally, research in cognitive linguistics should be based on authentic language use, its results should be replicable, and its claims falsifiable. Consequently, more and more studies now turn to corpora as a source of data. While corpus-based

Aim: Analysis of age at time of detection and surgery of dense unilateral cataract and investigation of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in a nationwide register-based cohort study, based on the routine of maternity ward eye screening. Methods: Data were derived from the Paediatric Cataract Register (PECARE). All children (n = 54) diagnosed with dense congenital unilateral cataract between Janu

Suggestive QTL affecting raw firmness scores and average Instron force, tenderness, juiciness, and chewiness on cooked meat were mapped to pig chromosome 2 using a three-generation intercross between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs. Based on its function and location, the calpastatin (CAST) gene was considered to be a good candidate for the observed effects. Several missense and silent mutations were

Mechanical grooming to remove litter and wrack from sandy beaches reduces strandline biodiversity. The impact of tidal range on recovery rates of strandline ecosystems after grooming has not been examined to date, even though tidal range is known to affect the spatial and temporal patterns of seaweed. We compared taxon richness of macroinvertebrates that occur all year round at 104 sites on two co

AIMS: Although the epidemiological association between Type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure (CHF) as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established, associations between diabetes-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), CHF, and CVD have been surprisingly inconclusive. Our aim is to examine if 43 diabetes-related SNPs were associated with prevalent diastolic dysfunction as

Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract has now been recognized to affect all stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). The consequences lead to problems with absorption of oral medication, erratic treatment response, as well as silent aspiration, which is one of the key risk factors in developing pneumonia. The issue is further complicated by other gut abnormalities, such as small intestinal bacteria

INTRODUCTION: Rapid response teams (RRTs) are designed to improve the "chain of prevention" of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). We studied the 30-day survival of patients reviewed by RRTs within 24 hours prior to IHCA, as compared to patients not reviewed by RRTs.METHODS: A nationwide cohort study based on the Swedish Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, between January 1st, 2014, and Dece

This thesis consists of five papers within the design and analysis of efficient algorithms.In the first paper, we consider the problem of computing all-pairs shortest paths in a directed graph with real weights assigned to vertices. We develop a combinatorial randomized algorithm that runs in subcubic time for a special class of graphs.In the second paper, we present a polynomial-time dynamic prog

POPULAR SCIENTIFIC SUMMARYI was on my way home, sitting on the bus. My tired eyes swept through the pages of the local newspaper and that was the moment I met Lisa. She had previously been diagnosed with cancer. She had recovered and was back to her daily life. Unfortunately the cancer has come back and it has spread to several organs. Lisa as a mother of two kids, as a wife, as a daughter, as a sTelomeres are special DNA-protein structures that protect ends of chromosomes from being recognized as double-strand breaks. Telomeres consist of tandemly repeated units of TG-rich DNA and associate with telomere-specific proteins.When a cell replicates its chromosomes, a certain piece of DNA is lost from chromosomal ends due to the ´´ end replication problem´´. This progressive shortening of telo

The human L3MBTL gene is located in 20q12, a region that is commonly deleted in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). L3MBTL is highly homologous to the D-lethal(3) malignant brain tumor [D-l(3)mbt] gene, which is a putative tumor-suppressor gene (TSG) identified in Drosophila and which is closely related to the Drosophila sex combs

Gaboxadol (THIP; 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-3-ol) is an agonist at GABA(A) receptors. THIP concentrations (0.01-50 mM) were applied rapidly to Sf9 cells expressing the human alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2S) GABA(A) receptors. The EC50 values for the peak current in THIP alone or THIP plus 1 muM diazepam were 154 and 53 muM, respectively. In supersaturating THIP (10-50 mM) the rate of curren