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A general introduction to the use of feed-back artificial neural networks (ANN) for obtaining good approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems is given, assuming no previous knowledge in the field. In particular we emphasize a novel neural mapping technique which efficiently reduces the solution space. This approach maps the problems onto Potts glass rather than spin glass models.
This study examines possible crosslinguistic influence on basic word order processing in a second language (L2). Targeting Swedish V2 word order we investigate adult German learners (+V2 in the L1) and English learners (-V2 in the L1) of Swedish who are matched for proficiency. We report results from two offline behavioural tasks (written production, metalinguistic judgements), and online processi
The grounding objection to presentism rests on two premises: (i) every true proposition P has a truthmaker T, and (ii) some claims about the future and past are obviously true. However, if the future and past do not exist, there can be no truthmakers for future and past tensed expressions. Presentists tend not to challenge the premises of the objection. Instead they argue that the present contains
Variations in laser properties and data acquisition times introduced inconsistencies in Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) data. The effect of data inconsistencies, on two GLAS height retrieval methods, from three study sites, are investigated and validated against airborne laser scanning (ALS) percentile heights, from three data sources: all/first return point clouds, and raster canopy heig
Proteins interact with their aqueous surroundings, thereby modifying the physical properties of the solvent. The extent of this perturbation has been investigated by numerous methods in the past half-century, but a consensus has still not emerged regarding the spatial range of the perturbation. To a large extent, the disparate views found in the current literature can be traced to the lack of a ri
It is shown that the band crossings observed at frequencies ≈h{stroke};hω ≈ 0.5 MeV can be qualitatively explained from Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations with no pairing correlations. The crossing bands are characterized by a different number of protons in h 11 2 orbitals leading to different deformationtrajectories in the (∋, γ)-plane. Above the band crossings, the calculated transition energies co
The world has encountered numerous global crises, including epidemics, military conflicts, and economic collapse. Innovative digital technologies, such as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), can undoubtedly help improve industries’ operations during critical times. The dairy industry has seen an increment in technological adoption in the last few years. Adopting cutting-edge technologies is regarded as more feas
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att ge en god omvårdnad behövs kunskaper om ätproblem som helhet och om möjliga hinder för optimalt näringsintag hos äldre patienter, särskilt de med stroke. Sådana kunskaper behövs eftersom åldrandet i sig självt eller tillsammans med sjukdom, t.ex. stroke och dess följder, kan påverka förmågan att äta och därmed också näringsintaget med ökad risk för såväl undernäThe aim of this thesis was to describe eating difficulties and interventions to improve eating among elderly patients, especially those with stroke, to make comparisons between patients with dysphagia and those without (Papers I & II), those with and without assisted eating (Paper IV), and to analyse the relation between eating difficulties, nutritional status (Papers II-V), pressure ulcers (P
The densities of populations in a community or food web vary as a consequence of both population interactions and environmental (e.g. weather) fluctuations. Populations often respond to the same kinds of environmental fluctuations, and therefore experience correlated environments. Furthermore, some environmental factors change slowly over time, thereby producing positive environmental autocorrelat
There is an urgent need for change within the garment sector as it continues to massively contribute to the climate crisis. This need for change has led to a growing interest in collaborative fashion consumption and its possibilities to support sustainable consumption within the garment sector. This research explores whether the two identified models of collaborative fashion consumption, business
Number theory is in a sense among the oldest disciplines of mathematics. A running theme is that many number theoretic problems are very easy to state and understand. However, actually solving these problems often requires much work or some very clever trick. An extreme case of this would be Fermat's last theorem: originally a conjecture by French lawyer Pierre de Fermat whose statement is und
Vilken roll har kommuner i arbetet med att minska konsumtionsbaserade utsläpp? Beroende på vilket utsläppsperspektiv som tillämpas kan ett lands eller kommuns utsläpp av växthusgaser antingen minska eller öka. Det traditionella produktionsbaserade perspektivet räknar direkta utsläpp som sker inom det geografiska området. Det alternativa konsumtionsbaserade perspektivet inkluderar utsläpp som sker
Swedish youth-centres are characterized by their vision of being a “meeting place for all”. To fulfil this vision, inclusion has become a relevant concept and tool for those working within these centres. This thesis is based on interviews with seven youth-workers and managers within youth-centres in a large Swedish municipality. The aim of the study is to investigate how youth-workers and managers
Wildfires pose a significant safety issue, especially when they interact with urban areas, known as wildland urban interface (WUI) fires. As wildfire numbers are rising and developments near wildlands are increasing, there is an increased need to model all types of evacuation in order to prepare and inform evacuating authorities and evacuees. There is currently no research on the requirements need
Tvister mellan arbetsgivare och arbetstagarparter är ett ständigt pågående fenomen och vilken parts mening som gäller till dess tvisten slutligt prövats är av betydelse och utgör denna uppsats frågeställningar. Den tillfälliga bestämmanderätten benämns tolkningsföreträde och uppsatsen syftar till att tydliggöra dess konstruktion, sanktionssystem, funktion och inverkan på arbetsledningsrätten. UtgåDisputes between employers and employee parties is a recurring phenomenon and which party´s opinion applies until the dispute is finally settled is of relevance and constitutes the purpose of this essay. The temporary authority of decision is known as preferential right of interpretation and this essay aims at clarifying its construction, sanctions, function and how it affects the employer´s manag
The purpose of this study was to understand the role of a sustainable lifestyle for self-declared green consumers during Christmas. While such consumers tend to behave sustainably in their everyday lives, the researchers were interested in finding out how this might change in a specific setting, in this case Christmas, which is commonly associated with consumerism in the Western world. Furthermore
Authenticity is known as an essential driving factor for tourists' experiences. Researchers have provided a deep theoretical understanding of authenticity, distinguishing four established approaches: objective authenticity, constructed authenticity, postmodernism view on authenticity and existential authenticity. More recent research initiated examinations on the perceptions of authenticity. T
Credit scoring, the process of evaluating loan applicants with the help of numerical methods, is widely used in the financial sector. When used correctly, it can aid the decision process and lower default rates on loans. New EU regulation has allowed third-party actors to access personal banking information, following the applicant's consent. The increase in available information that financia
